Why this matters now
Most enterprise directories grew up assuming a roughly stable population of human users
and a manageable handful of service accounts. AI agents, automation systems, and
machine workloads are changing both numbers by an order of magnitude.
The identity types that proliferate fastest in modern environments — bot
identities, agent identities, application identities, scheduled-task identities,
workload identities — are exactly the ones that traditional governance models
handle worst. Owners are unclear, lifecycle is uncontrolled, privileged access is
poorly tracked, and the audit story rarely survives external review.
BCG approaches these the same way we approach human-user governance: discovery first,
ownership next, lifecycle controls third, automation last. The order matters. Tools
without governance create faster mess; governance without tools becomes a slide deck.